Rational Design of a Niobium Tellurite Crystal Nb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>O<sub>11</sub> Exhibiting Good Overall Infrared NLO Performance by Structural Genetic Engineering
Tinghui Zhang, Jinmiao Jiao, Wenli Zhao, Fulei Wang, Fei Liang, Ning Ye, Zhanggui Hu, Yicheng Wu, Conggang Li
Abstract
Nonlinear optical (NLO) materials have aroused increasing interest owing to their promising applications in optoelectronic technologies. Herein, we present the synthesis of an acentric niobium tellurite crystal, Nb 2 Te 3 O 11, extracted via a spontaneous crystallization approach. It adopts a unique three-dimensional (3D) structure constructed by the distorted [TeO 3 ], [TeO 4 ], and [NbO 6 ] fundamental building units. The title compound undergoes incongruent melting at approximately 807 °C. Optical characterizations demonstrate that Nb 2 Te 3 O 11 possesses an extended transparency window beyond 5 μm, along with a large band gap value of 3.1 eV. Moreover, the as-synthesized Nb 2 Te 3 O 11 displays an appreciable second-harmonic generation (SHG) response of 2 × KDP and a notable birefringence of 0.11 under 1064 nm for achieving phase-matching. In addition, theoretical calculation investigations suggest that the intriguing optical properties are ascribed to the cooperative effect of three types of NLO-active motifs: [TeO 3 ] pyramids, [TeO 4 ] seesaws, and [NbO 6 ] octahedra. These attributes provide new functional insights into Nb 2 Te 3 O 11 and enrich the family of NLO crystals in the mid-infrared region.