Verbascoside Inhibits/Repairs the Damage of LPS-Induced Inflammation by Regulating Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, and Bone Remodeling
Şahika Pınar Akyer, Ege Rıza Karagür, Melek Tunç Ata, Emine Kılıç-Toprak, Ayşegül Çört, Barış Özgür Dönmez
Abstract
Osteocytes play an important role as regulators of both osteoclasts and osteoblasts, and some proteins that are secreted from them play a role in bone remodeling and modeling. LPS affects bone structure because it is an inflammatory factor, despite verbascoside's potential for bone preservation and healing. Osteocytes may also be involved in the control of the bone's response to immunological changes in inflammatory situations. MLO-Y4 cells were cultured in either supplemented -MEM alone with a low serum to inhibit cell growth or media with LPS (10 ng/mL) and/or verbascoside (50 g/mL) to show the LPS effect. In our research, LPS treatment increased RANKL levels while decreasing OPG and RUNX2 expression. Treatment with verbascoside reduced RANKL expression. In our work, verbascoside increased the expression of OPG and RUNX2. In MLO-Y4 cells exposed to verbascoside, SOD, CAT, and GSH activities as well as the expression levels of bone mineralization proteins like PHEX, RUNX2, and OPG were all elevated.