Diverse Perovskite Solar Cells: Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives
Lixiu Zhang, Mei Zhang, Hantao Wang, Zhizai Li, Zilong Zhang, Yilong Song, Xin Song, Shurong Wang, Jingxuan Chen, Wenxuan Li, Hua Dong, Feng Wang, Yucheng Liu, Xiaoming Li, Jianyu Yuan, Wanli Ma, Yaohong Zhang, Shengzhong Liu, Feng Gao, Zhaoxin Wu, Zhenyu Yang, Feng Hao, Kui Zhao, Zhiwen Jin, Keyou Yan, Jingjing Chang, Jing Cao, Jingjing Wang, Xiaoliang Zhang, Qingfeng Dong, Peng Gao, Yixin Zhao, Lixin Xiao, Yong Ding, Liming Ding
Abstract
Perovskite materials have revolutionized optoelectronics by virtue of their tunable bandgaps, exceptional optoelectronic properties, and structural flexibility. Notably, the state-of-the-art performance of perovskite solar cells has reached 27%, making perovskite materials a promising candidate for next-generation photovoltaic technology. Although numerous reviews regarding perovskite materials have been published, the existing reviews generally focus on individual material systems (e.g., organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites) and specific optimizations in one particular optoelectronic application (e.g., stability engineering for solar cells), lacking a systematic overview of the progress and challenges across diverse perovskite types. This review breaks this limitation by providing a systematic overview of all perovskite categories used in solar cells classified by different criteria, including composition (organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, all-inorganic perovskites, lead-free perovskites, and metal-free perovskites), dimensionality (3D and low-dimensional perovskitoids), and crystallinity (poly-crystal thin film and single-crystal perovskites). The recent progress and future perspectives for each category of perovskite solar cells are focused on, aiming to establish a holistic roadmap for perovskite solar cells toward technological innovations and industrial viability.