Decreased subcortical T2 FLAIR signal with cortical T2 FLAIR hyperintense lesions in unilateral cerebral cortical encephalitis with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody
Juichi Fujimori, Ryo Ogawa, Takaki Murata, Yoshiki Takai, Tatsuro Misu, Ichiro Nakashima
Abstract
Unilateral cerebral cortical encephalitis (UCCE) with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody comprises a new spectrum of disease entities that are characterized by unilateral cerebral cortical T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T2 FLAIR) hyperintense lesions on MRI. In this retrospective study, the brain MRI of 39 consecutive Japanese patients with anti-MOG antibody-associated UCCE was examined. We found that 37 patients (95%) also presented with T2 FLAIR hypointensity in subcortical white matter that was adjacent to the cortical lesions. T2 FLAIR hypointensity in subcortical white matter is a characteristic finding in anti-MOG antibody-associated UCCE that might develop secondary to cortical lesions.