Reconstruction of events recorded with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J.M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, R. Alves Batista, G.A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, H. Asorey, P. Assis, G. Avila, A.M. Badescu, A. Bakalova, A. Balaceanu, F. Barbato, R.J. Barreira Luz, K.H. Becker, J.A. Bellido, C. Berat, M.E. Bertaina, X. Bertou, P.L. Biermann, P. Billoir, T. Bister, J. Biteau, A. Blanco, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, A.M. Botti, J. Brack, T. Bretz, A. Bridgeman, F.L. Briechle, P. Buchholz, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, K.S. Caballero-Mora, L. Caccianiga, L. Calcagni, A. Cancio, F. Canfora, I. Caracas, J.M. Carceller, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, J.A. Chinellato, K. Choi, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R.W. Clay, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, M.R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, F. Contreras, F. Convenga, C.E. Covault, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B.R. Dawson, J.A. Day, R.M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S.J. de Jong, G. De Mauro, J.R.T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, J. Debatin, M. del Río, O. Deligny, N. Dhital, A. Di Matteo, M.L. Díaz Castro, C. Dobrigkeit, J.C. D'Olivo, Q. Dorosti
Abstract
Cosmic rays arriving at Earth collide with the upper parts of the atmosphere, thereby \ninducing extensive air showers. When secondary particles from the cascade arrive at the ground, \nthey are measured by surface detector arrays. We describe the methods applied to the measurements \nof the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory to reconstruct events with zenith angles \nless than 60 using the timing and signal information recorded using the water-Cherenkov detector \nstations. In addition, we assess the accuracy of these methods in reconstructing the arrival directions \nof the primary cosmic ray particles and the sizes of the induced showers.