Carbon sequestration and storage in concrete: A state-of-the-art review of compositions, methods, and developments
Maziar Kazemian, Behrouz Shafei
Abstract
Given the widespread use of concrete as the construction material of choice, achieving sustainable development goals in the civil infrastructure sector directly relies on reducing the concrete’s carbon footprint. For this purpose, a variety of innovative carbon sequestration and storage solutions have been introduced to date. This study focuses on the potential of such solutions individually and in comparison to each other. To offer a holistic perspective, the carbon sequestration strategies in concrete have been first reviewed, followed by investigating the effects of carbonation curing parameters. The carbon uptake potential of various binder compositions has then been explored, ranging from portland cement to pozzolanic binders, as well as non-cementitious binders. To further understand the carbon sequestration capability of concrete, carbon capture strategies that utilize concrete aggregates have been studied. Based on the collected results and findings, a synthesis of the available information has been performed and presented. The outcome of this comprehensive study provides original insights into the latest materials and methods developed for carbon sequestration and storage in concrete. Such insights are critical to guide future research and development required to achieve net-zero concrete structures, meeting sustainable development goals.