Alizarin-loaded hydroxyapatite containing SnO2 nanoparticles for efficient dye removal and biofilm inhibitory properties
Govindasamy Palanisamy, Sunyoung Park, Jin‐Hyung Lee, Jin-Hyung Lee, Jintae Lee, Jintae Lee
Abstract
The removal of hazardous dyes from wastewater is an important aspect of environmental remediation, and microbial biofilm formation is a serious medical problem that can jeopardize treatments targeting drug-resistant microbes. We fabricated alizarin-loaded hydroxyapatite nanorods containing SnO 2 (Ali-HAp-SnO 2 ) nanocomposite (NCs) using a simple wet impregnation technique to improve the stability and prolong the release profile of antibiofilm agent alizarin . The structure and morphology of prepared nanoparticles were characterized using various analytical techniques, and their dye adsorbent and antibiofilm properties against Staphylococcus aureus were studied. Ali-HAp-SnO 2 NCs effectively removed Congo red (CR, 97.54%) from aqueous media and inhibited S. aureus biofilm formation (86.4%). The Elovich kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm provided best fits for the adsorption kinetics of Ali-HAp and Ali-HAp-SnO 2 , respectively. The alizarin loaded HAp-SnO 2 nanocomposite displayed sustained and prolonged alizarin release, which was effective in inhibiting S. aureus biofilm formation. Therefore, the Ali-HAp-SnO 2 nanocomposite exhibited consistent antibiofilm activity as well as dye removal capacity.