Gravitational Bremsstrahlung in the post-Minkowskian effective field theory
Stavros Mougiakakos, Massimiliano Maria Riva, Filippo Vernizzi
Abstract
We study the gravitational radiation emitted during the scattering of two spinless bodies in the post-Minkowskian effective field theory approach. We derive the conserved stress-energy tensor linearly coupled to gravity and the classical probability amplitude of graviton emission at leading and next-to-leading order in the Newton's constant $G$. The amplitude can be expressed in compact form as one-dimensional integrals over a Feynman parameter involving Bessel functions. We use it to recover the leading-order radiated angular momentum expression. Upon expanding it in the relative velocity between the two bodies $v$, we compute the total four-momentum radiated into gravitational waves at leading-order in $G$ and up to an order ${v,}^{8}$ finding agreement with what was recently computed using scattering amplitude methods. Our results also allow us to investigate the zero frequency limit of the emitted energy spectrum.