Development and characterization of biodegradable film from marine red seaweed (<i>Kappaphycus alvarezii</i>)
Veeramani Rajasekar, P. Karthickumar, Ashokkumar Hozen Richhie Rose, Nagarajan Manimmehalai, D. Subhasri
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was carried out to explore the potential use of carrageenan extracted from marine red seaweed ( Kappaphycus alvarezii ) collected from Munaikadu, Mandapam region, Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu. Design/methodology/approach Biodegradable film was developed by using carrageenan extracted by using alcohol extraction method. To improve the mechanical properties of the film, rice starch was incorporated. The biodegradable films were made by phase inversion method with varied carrageenan concentration of 1%, 1.5% and 2% (w/v) and rice starch with concentration of 0%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% (w/v). Physical properties, optical properties, mechanical properties and other properties such as biodegradability, solubility and water vapor permeability of the developed biodegradable films were characterized. The results were analyzed in design expert software using Box–Behnken design. Findings Results show that the biodegradable film’s mechanical and water vapor permeability increases with an increase in carrageenan and rice starch concentration. The optimized film structure was obtained with carrageenan and rice starch composition of 1.5% and 2%, respectively. Originality/value The results shown a broad spectrum of commercial applications and future rice starch possibilities incorporated in the carrageenan-based biodegradable film.