Advanced Electrochemical Sensors Featuring Nitrogen-Rich Conjugated Microporous Polymers for Simultaneous Detection of Dopamine and Uric Acid
Jin‐Hong Lin, Yeo‐Wan Chiang, Ahmed F. M. EL‐Mahdy
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are attractive due to their distinctive qualities, including their large surface area, porosity, π-conjugated architecture, and tunable properties. However, their application in electrochemical sensing remains underexplored. This work aims to develop an efficient CMP-modified electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). Two nitrogen-rich CMPs, TPy-TPA-10N and TPy-TPT-12N, were prepared through Suzuki reactions using 5,5′-dibromo-4′-(4-bromophenyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (TPy-3Br) with tris(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)amine (TPA-3BO) and 2,4,6-tris(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TPT-3BO), respectively. The CMPs exhibited a substantial surface area (633 m 2 g –1 ) and exceptional thermal stability ( T d10 at 609 °C and a char production of 74.34%). Then, screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) were modified with TPy-TPA-10N and TPy-TPT-12N CMPs for individually and simultaneously detecting tiny biomolecules including DA and UA. The CMPs improved the effectiveness of the sensors by augmenting the conductivity, electroactive areas, and anodic peak current sensitivities. In individual detection assays, the high nitrogen content sensor (TPy-TPT-12N CMP-modified SPCE) was effective in detecting DA and UA, with linear response ranges of 10 μM–150 μM and 20 μM–300 μM, respectively, and low limit of detections (LODs) of 0.25 and 0.56 μM. In addition, The TPy-TPT-12N CMP-modified SPCE successfully detected DA and UA simultaneously, with linear response ranges of 2 μM–150 μM and 40 μM–320 μM. The constructed sensor demonstrated high stability, reproducibility, repeatability, and sensitivity, with low LODs of 0.20 and 0.55 μM for DA and UA. These results suggest that CMPs could boost biosensor technology for diagnosing neurological and metabolic illnesses.