Outcome indistinguishability
Cynthia Dwork, Michael P. Kim, Omer Reingold, Guy N. Rothblum, Gal Yona
Abstract
Prediction algorithms assign numbers to individuals that are popularly understood as individual “probabilities”—what is the probability of 5-year survival after cancer diagnosis?—and which increasingly form the basis for life-altering decisions. Drawing on an understanding of computational indistinguishability developed in complexity theory and cryptography, we introduce Outcome Indistinguishability. Predictors that are Outcome Indistinguishable (OI) yield a generative model for outcomes that cannot be efficiently refuted on the basis of the real-life observations produced by .
Topics & Concepts
Outcome (game theory)Computer scienceBasis (linear algebra)Theoretical computer scienceCryptographyGenerative grammarMathematicsArtificial intelligenceMathematical economicsAlgorithmGeometryComputability, Logic, AI AlgorithmsExplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)Machine Learning and Algorithms