Medical device-related pressure injuries in critical patients: prevalence and associated factors
Sabrina Guterres da Silva Galetto, Eliane Regina Pereira do Nascimento, Patrícia Madalena Vieira Hermida, Josefine Busanello, Luciana Bihain Hagemann de Malfussi, Daniele Delacanal Lazzari
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of medical device-related pressure injuries in critical patients and analyze the associated factors. METHOD: Epidemiological, cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic, clinical and medical device data were collected. Inspection of the skin/mucous membranes was performed to identify and classify the injuries. Analysis using descriptive statistics, Poisson regression and the Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Ninety-three patients were evaluated and 58 developed injuries, with a prevalence of 62.4%. Injuries by the orotracheal tube (50%), nasogastric tube (44.1%) and urinary catheter (28.6%) were the most prevalent, and the most affected regions were, respectively, the auricular (79.5%), nasal ala (86.7%) and urethral meatus (76.9%). Factors associated with injuries were severe edema (p = 0.005), low Braden (p<0.001) and Glasgow (p = 0.008) scores, length of stay in intensive care (p<0.001) and hospitalization diagnosis classified as other causes (p<0.001). The use of more than one device (p<0.001) and a longer time of use (p<0.001) were correlated. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of injuries and the associated factors indicate the need for preventive measures and risk monitoring.