Nickel and chromium ion release from coated and uncoated orthodontic archwires under different pH levels and exposure times
Camille G. Laird, Xiaoming Xu, Qingzhao Yu, Paul Armbruster, Richard W. Ballard
Topics & Concepts
ChromiumNickel titaniumNickelMetalSignificant differenceMaterials scienceMetal ions in aqueous solutionChemistryNuclear chemistryMetallurgyStatisticsShape-memory alloyMathematicsOrthodontics and Dentofacial OrthopedicsDental materials and restorationsFacial Trauma and Fracture Management