Periodontitis combined with smoking increases risk of the ulcerative colitis: A national cohort study
Eun Ae Kang, Jaeyoung Chun, Jee Hyun Kim, Kyungdo Han, Hosim Soh, Seona Park, Seung Wook Hong, Jung Min Moon, Jooyoung Lee, Hyun Jung Lee, Jun‐Beom Park, Jong Pil Im, Joo Sung Kim
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation of periodontal tissues. The effect of periodontitis on the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. AIM: To assessed the risk of IBD among patients with periodontitis, and the risk factors for IBD related to periodontitis. METHODS: revision and rare intractable disease codes, was compared between the periodontitis and non-periodontitis groups until 2017. RESULTS: < 0.01). Men were 604307 (55.3%) and 4844383 (54.7%) in the periodontitis and non-periodontitis groups, respectively. The mean follow-up duration was 7.26 years. Individuals with periodontitis had a significantly higher risk of UC than those without periodontitis [adjusted hazard ratio: 1.091; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.008-1.182], but not CD (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.879; 95% confidence interval: 0.731-1.057). The risks for UC were significant in the subgroups of age ≥ 65 years, male gender, alcohol drinker, current smoker, and reduced physical activity. Current smokers aged ≥ 65 years with periodontitis were at a 1.9-fold increased risk of UC than non-smokers aged ≥ 65 years without periodontitis. CONCLUSION: Periodontitis was significantly associated with the risk of developing UC, but not CD, particularly in current smokers aged ≥ 65 years.