Scrutinizing pollutant concentration with variable electrical conductivity and quadratic radiation effects over convective cylinder with zero mass flux and gyrotactic microorganisms
Zafar Mahmood, Khadija Rafique, Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari, Adnan, Umar Khan, Abhinav Kumar, Muhammad Taj
Abstract
The aims of this investigation are to analyze the stagnation point flow around a cylinder influenced by quadratic, nonlinear, and linear thermal radiation , gyrotactic microorganisms , waste discharge concentration, an inclined magnetic field , viscous dissipation, Joule heating , mass suction, velocity slip , convective heating, and zero mass flux conditions. The model further includes changing electrical conductivity . Through the use of similarity transformations, the nonlinear differential equations that regulate the system are transformed into an ordinary differential equations system. The results presented here are based on MATLAB calculations performed using the shooting technique and the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg 45 numerical scheme . The results derived from a numerical system are shown via graphs and tables. Unsteadiness, mass suction, velocity ratio, and changing electrical conductivity increase the velocity profile . Brownian motion, thermophoresis , variable electrical conductivity, and the Eckert number increase the temperature profile, while curvature exhibits dual behavior. Concentrations rise with Brownian motion, the Schmidt number , and the local pollution parameter but decrease with curvature. The Bioconvection Schmidt number and unsteadiness enhance the profile of motile microorganisms . Nonlinear thermal radiation outperforms quadratic and linear radiation for the Nusselt number . The Nusselt number increases when the Biot number and radiation increase, and it decreases when unsteadiness and Brownian motion occur. Curvature and the bioconvection Schmidt number increase the local motile microbe population, whereas the Peclet number and the microorganism difference parameter decrease it. The Schmidt number and the fluid's local pollutant source parameter increase the Sherwood number . The velocity ratio, magnetic field inclination, and mass suction increase skin friction , while velocity slip reduces it.