Three‐Dimensional Through‐Localized Amorphization Engineering of Crystalline/Amorphous Heterophase Ammonium Vanadate Nanobelts for Advanced Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Ziyi Wang, Kangning Wang, Kunkun Nie, Binjie Li, Xiaorong Hao, Qirui Huang, Jingtian Wang, Wenlin Zhang, Z.Y. Liu, Wei Huang
Abstract
Abstract A 3D through‐localized amorphization strategy is proposed to concurrently address the sluggish Zn 2+ diffusion kinetics and structural instability for aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) cathodes by constructing crystalline/amorphous heterophase ammonium vanadate ( c/a ‐NVO) nanobelts. The crystalline networks enhance electron transport efficiency and stabilize the amorphous active domains via their rigid structure, thereby reducing the dissolution of unsaturated vanadium by over 51.67%. The amorphous phase introduces 45.4% oxygen defects and isotropic Zn 2+ diffusion channels, effectively shortening diffusion paths and reducing structural strain during Zn 2+ insertion/de‐insertion. Furthermore, theoretical calculation indicates that the heterointerface‐induced built‐in electric field redistributes charge density, thus accelerating charge transfer kinetics and lowering Zn 2+ diffusion barriers. As a proof‐of‐concept application, the c/a ‐NVO cathode delivers a specific capacity of 304 mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 and retains 166.39 mAh g −1 after 10,000 cycles at 15 A g −1 , achieving 89.22% capacity retention even after 16,000 cycles. Notably, this c/a heterophase design preserves 77.13% of its initial specific capacity in a functional pouch cell after 1,000 cycles. The findings provide a c/a heterophase engineering strategy for designing advanced cathode materials for next‐generation AZIBs.