Anxiety and depression in keratotic oral lichen planus: a multicentric study from the SIPMO
Daniela Adamo, Elena Calabria, Federica Canfora, Noemi Coppola, Stefania Leuci, Martina Mignogna, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Francesca Spirito, Michele Giuliani, Lorenzo Azzi, Marta Dani, Giuseppe Colella, Chiara Colella, Lucio Montebugnoli, Davide Bartolomeo Gissi, Mario Gabriele, Marco Nisi, Andrea Sardella, Giovanni Lodi, Elena Maria Varoni, Amerigo Giudice, Alessandro Antonelli, Alessio Gambino, Giuliana Antonucci, Paolo Vescovi, Marco Meleti, Alessandra Majorana, Elena Bardellini, Giuseppina Campisi, Vera Panzarella, F. Spadari, U. Garagiola, Monica Pentenero, Samuele Sutera, Matteo Biasotto, Giulia Ottaviani, Margherita Gobbo, Luca Guarda‐Nardini, Umberto Romeo, Gianluca Tenore, R Serpico, Alberta Lucchese, Carlo Lajolo, Gioele Gioco, Massimo Aria, Luca D’Aniello, Michele Davide Mignogna, SIPMO (Italian Society of Oral Pathology, Medicine)
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Oral lichen planus with exclusive keratotic reticular, papular, and/or plaque-like lesions (K-OLP) is a clinical pattern of OLP that may be associated with a complex symptomatology and psychological alteration. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety (A) and depression (D) in patients with K-OLP, analyzing the potential predictors which can affect mental health status. METHODS: Three hundred K-OLP patients versus 300 healthy controls (HC) were recruited in 15 Italian universities. The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Total Pain Rating Index (T-PRI), and Hamilton Rating Scales for Depression and for Anxiety (HAM-D and HAM-A) were administered. RESULTS: ). A and D were found in 158 (52.7%) and 148 (49.3%) K-OLP patients. Strong linear correlations were identified between HAM-A, HAM-D, NRS, T-PRI, and employment status and between HAM-D, HAM-A, NRS, T-PRI, employment status, and female gender. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that HAM-D and HAM-A showed the greatest increase in the R2 value for A and D in the K-OLP patients, respectively (DR2 = 55.5% p-value < 0.001**; DR2 = 56.5% p-value < 0.001**). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of A and D is higher in the K-OLP patients compared with the HC, also found in K-OLP subjects without pain, suggesting that the processing of pain may be in a certain way independent of the processing of mood. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Mood disorders and pain assessment should be carefully performed in relation to K-OLP to obtain a complete analysis of the patients.