Direct and indirect effects of microbiota-derived metabolites on neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis
Naomi M. Fettig, Lisa C. Osborne
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) are highly influenced by changes in the microbiota and of microbiota-derived metabolites, including short chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan derivatives. This review will discuss the effects of microbiota-derived metabolites on neuroinflammation driven by central nervous system-resident cells and peripheral immune cells, and their influence on outcomes of EAE and MS.
Topics & Concepts
NeuroinflammationExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisMultiple sclerosisImmune systemBiologyEncephalomyelitisImmunologyCentral nervous systemNeuroscienceInflammationGut microbiota and healthTryptophan and brain disordersGinseng Biological Effects and Applications