Transactive energy and flexibility provision in multi-microgrids using Stackelberg game

Abstract

Aggregating the demand side flexibility is essential
\nto complementing the inflexible and variable renewable energy
\nsupply in achieving low carbon energy systems. Sources of
\ndemand side flexibility, e.g., dispatchable generators, storages,
\nand flexible loads, can be structured in a form of microgrids and
\ncollectively provided to utility grids through transactive energy in
\nlocal energy markets. This paper proposes a framework of local
\nenergy markets to manage the transactive energy and facilitate
\nthe flexibility provision. The distribution system operator aims
\nto achieve local energy balance by scheduling the operation of
\nmulti-microgrids and determining the imbalance prices. Multiple
\nmicrogrid traders aim to maximise profits for their prosumers
\nthrough dispatching flexibility sources and participating in localised energy trading. The decision making and interactions
\nbetween a distribution system operator and multiple microgrid
\ntraders are formulated as the Stackelberg game-theoretic problem. Case studies using the IEEE 69-bus distribution system
\ndemonstrate the effectiveness of the developed model in terms of
\nfacilitating the local energy balance and reducing the dependency
\non the utility grids.

Topics & Concepts