Targeted Intermetallic Nanocatalysts for Sustainable Biomass and CO<sub>2</sub> Valorization
Shumei Feng, Yanyan Geng, Hongyan Liu, Hao Li
Abstract
Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) with well-defined atomic arrangements, stoichiometries, and controlled crystal structures are important for the green manufacturing of chemicals and the efficient conversion and utilization of energy. Different from disordered alloy catalysts, synthesizing IMCs and tightly controlling their size and shape is a challenge. This review lists and compares the methods used in recent years to regulate the size and shape of IMCs, including thermal annealing, coreduction, and microwave-assisted polyol methods. Then, the characterization techniques for IMCs are comprehensively summarized. The feasibility of intermetallic nanocatalysts for upgrading biomass and CO2 valorization is highlighted by examples, with an emphasis on their fascinating catalytic performance relative to disordered alloy catalysts. In addition, the unique electronic, geometric, and ordering effects of IMCs are highlighted to provide a basis for understanding the structure–activity relationship of intermetallic nanocatalysts. Finally, some opportunities and challenges are presented for this attractive catalyst in the hope of providing references and guidance for the future development of efficient intermetallic nanocatalysts and the preparation of high-value chemicals.