UNVEILING THE HIDDEN: EARLY MANIFESTATIONS OF EXTENSIVE MACULAR ATROPHY WITH PSEUDODRUSEN-LIKE APPEARANCE
Francesco Romano, Mariano Cozzi, Stefano Casati, Francesca Bosello, Chiara Zaffalon, Andrea Trinco, Marco Pellegrini, Alessandro Invernizzi, Giovanni Staurenghi, Anna Paola Salvetti
Abstract
PURPOSE: To describe novel microperimetry and imaging findings in two patients affected by extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance without signs of retinal pigment epithelium atrophy. METHODS: Case series. Both patients underwent mesopic and dark-adapted two-color scotopic microperimetry, followed by multimodal imaging assessment including ultra-widefield photography, fundus autofluorescence, high-resolution optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography, and high-magnification module. RESULTS: Albeit normal visual acuity, both patients had a significant reduction of retinal sensitivity-especially under scotopic cyan conditions. One patient had macular pigment abnormalities, whereas the combination of blue and near-infrared autofluorescence modalities highlighted different patterns of pseudodrusen-like lesions.Of notice, high-resolution optical coherence tomography revealed a marked separation between the retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch membrane, containing a hyperreflective material with two different reflectivities. Optical coherence tomography angiography excluded the presence of macular neovascularization and documented several choriocapillaris flow voids. High-magnification module images showed severe alteration of photoreceptors' mosaic in the perifovea. CONCLUSION: Our comprehensive assessment of two stage 1 extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance patients revealed a predominant damage of perifoveal rods over areas of retinal pigment epithelium-Bruch membrane separation. These findings underscore the importance of basal laminar deposits in the initial stages of extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance, contributing to a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms.