Chemical Soil-Biological Engineering Theoretical Foundations, Technical Means, and Technology for Safe Intrasoil Waste Recycling and Long-Term Higher Soil Productivity
Valery Kalinitchenko, А. П. Глинушкин, Tatiana Minkina, Saglara Mandzhieva, Svetlana Sushkova, Vladimir A. Sukovatov, L. P. Il’ina, Dmitry Makarenkov
Abstract
ion was less than 4% after phosphogypsum application in the target amelioration layer of 20-45 cm. The studied phosphogypsum doses were substantiated as environmentally safe. This was because the real soil solution CCE provided HM ion form association and consequent passivation. The dry steppe soil remediation after phosphogypsum application was justified as highly probable. The intrasoil milling chemical soil-biological engineering technology was developed for simultaneous soil amelioration and remediation on the basis of the biogeosystem technique (BGT*) transcendental methodology. The BGT*-based technology was tested in the long-term field experiments and is capable of ensuring the priority geophysical micro- and macroaggregate structure via intrasoil milling and mixing of soil illuvial and transitional horizons. This helps synthesize soil multilevel architecture, providing intrasoil-dispersed environmentally safe recycling of wastes of different origin. Addressing the environment safety concerns, a new decision of the intrasoil milling device was proposed for phosphogypsum and other substance application to soil.