Pregnancy outcomes among SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant women with and without underlying diseases: a case-control study
Samereh Ghelichkhani, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Ebrahim Jalili, Azam Alishirzad, Fatemeh Shahbazi
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the pregnancy outcomes in women infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with and without underlying diseases in western Iran. This case-control study compared 49 pregnant women with Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with underlying diseases (the case group) and 49 women with COVID-19 without underlying diseases (the control group). The groups were pregnant women with COVID-19 admitted to Hamadan hospitals for delivery. COVID-19 was diagnosed by using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). Data were evaluated using a checklist. Further, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 was used for data analysis. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The odds of preterm labor were five times higher in women with underlying diseases (OR=5.95, 95% CI (3.01, 7.15), p=0.034). Moreover, the odds of preeclampsia and eclampsia in women with underlying diseases was (OR=3.35, 95% CI (1.18, 4.93), p=0.048) and (OR=2.65, 95% CI (1.43, 3.54), p=0.035), respectively. The results revealed that preterm labor, preeclampsia, and eclampsia were significantly higher in women with COVID-19 and underlying diseases compared to those without underlying diseases. Thus, the need to identify and educate pregnant mothers on underlying diseases and attention to prenatal care, particularly in high-risk groups, is necessary for the COVID-19 pandemic.