Study of SEM, XRD, TGA, and DSC of Cassava Bioplastics Catalyzed by Ethanol
Hanny F. Sangian, E Maneking, Seni H. J. Tongkukut, Handy Indra Regain Mosey, Verna Albert Suoth, H. S. Kolibu, Adey Tanauma, Guntur Pasau, Ahmad Hasan As’ari, Vecky A.J. Masinambow, Bayu Achil Sadjab, M M Sangi, Sendy Rondonuwu
Abstract
Abstract This study aims at preparing and characterizing of bioplastics that utilized cassava biomass which was available abundantly in Indonesia. The bioplastic synthesis was conducted with two variations of the reactant, namely cassava + starch + glycerol + water + acetic acid (vinegar) and cassava + starch + glycerol + water + acetic acid + ethanol. Bioplastic obtained was characterized by employing scanning electron microscopic (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC). The results show that bioplastics with the second combination have a high degree of degradation, whereby they were consistent with XRD analysis, appearing a low crystallinity value. The functional groups have shown IR spectra presented the existence of C-H alkanes, C = O esters, and C-H alkene groups. While the surface morphology displayed a flat surface, which was relatively comparable to both samples and the reduction of sample mass during heating was at 2.32 mg.