Transport Phenomena Fundamentals

Abstract

Part I Transport Fundamentals and 1-D Systems Introductory Concepts Introduction Scope of Transport Phenomena Preliminary Assumptions Equilibrium Foundations Defining Equilibrium Fluid Statics Buoyancy and Stability Fluids in Rigid Body Motion Problems References Flows, Gradients, and Transport Properties Introduction Momentum Transport: Newton's Law of Viscosity Energy Transport: Fourier's Law of Heat Conduction Mass Transport: Fick's Law of Diffusion Charge Transport: Ohm's Law of Conduction Driving Force: Resistance Concepts Flux Laws in Two and Three Dimensions Mechanistic Differences between the Transport Phenomena Primary and Secondary Fluxes Failure of the Linear Flux: Gradient Laws Summary Problems References Transport Properties of Materials Introduction Viscosity of Gases Viscosity of Liquids: Free Volume Theory Thermal Conductivity of Gases Thermal Conductivity of Liquids Thermal Conductivity of Solids Diffusivity of Gases Diffusion in Liquids Diffusion in Solids Conductivity, Mobility, and Resistivity Summary Problems References 1-D, Steady-State, Diffusive Transport Introduction Boundary Conditions Boundary Condition Catalog 1-D, Steady-State Diffusive Transport Composite Media Variable Transport Properties, Coupled Transport, and Multiple Fluxes Summary Problems References Generation Introduction Generation on the Boundary: Boundary Conditions One-Dimensional Transport with Generation at the Boundary Constant Generation Terms Variable Generation and Coupled Transport Summary Problems Accumulation Introduction. Lumped Capacitance Internal Gradients and Generalized Solutions Semi-Infinite Systems Moving Boundary Problems Periodic Flow in a Rotating Cylindrical System Summary Problems References Conservative Transport and Waves Introduction Momentum Transport Summary Problems References Transport Enhancement Using Extended Surfaces Introduction Heat Transfer: Finned Surfaces Mass Transfer: Gills, Lungs, etc Diffusion and Reaction in a Catalyst Pellet Summary Problems References Part II Multidimensional, Convective, and Radiative Transport Multidimensional Effects, Potential Functions, and Fields Introduction Laplace's Equation and Fields Solutions of Laplace's Equation Generation, Sources, Sinks, and Poisson's Equation Transient Systems Summary Problems References Convective Transport: Microscopic Balances Introduction Momentum Transport Energy Transport Mass Transport Charge Transport Summary Problems References Macroscopic or Engineering Balances Introduction Macroscopic Continuity Equation Macroscopic Momentum Balance Macroscopic Mechanical Energy Balance: Extended Bernoulli's Equation Macroscopic Energy Balance Macroscopic Species Continuity Equation Macroscopic Charged Species Continuity Equation Summary Problems References Convective Transport on a Flat Plate (Laminar Boundary Layers) Introduction Convective Transport Coefficients, Cf, h, kc, and k+- Boundary Layer Definitions Derivation of Boundary Layer Equations Transport Analogies Hydrodynamic Boundary Layers Thermal Boundary Layers Mass Transfer Boundary Layers Simplified Ionic Boundary Layers Summary Problems References Convective Transport: Systems with Curvature Introduction Flow over Cylinders Flow over Spheres Velocity Profiles in Tubes Heat and Mass Transfer Applications Coefficients Taylor Dispersion Summary Problems References Turbulent Boundary Layers Introduction Turbulent Boundary Layer Structure Transport Equations in Turbulent Flow Representing the Reynolds Flux Components Friction Factors and Other Transport Coefficients Summary Problems References Radiative Transport Introduction Preliminary Definitions Maxwell's Equations and Heat Transfer Energy Fluxes in Radiative Systems Blackbody Graybody View Factors Radiative Energy Exchange Summary Problems References Nomenclature Appendix A: Vector Mathematics A.1 Addition and Subtraction A.2 Multiplication: The Dot, Cross, and Dyad Products A.3 Differentiation: Divergence, Gradient, Curl, and Laplacian A.4 Other Useful Relations Appendix B: Mathematical Functions Appendix C: First Eigenvalue for 1-D Transient Conduction with External Convection Appendix D: Exact Solution to the Boundary Layer Equations References Appendix E: Blackbody Emission Functions Appendix F: Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Materials Collision Integrals References Appendix G: Comsol(R) Modules Index

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