Novelties in 3D Transthoracic Echocardiography
Gianpiero Italiano, Laura Fusini, Valentina Mantegazza, Gloria Tamborini, Manuela Muratori, Sarah Ghulam Alì, Marco Penso, Anna Garlaschè, Paola Gripari, Mauro Pepi
Abstract
Cardiovascular imaging is developing at a rapid pace and the newer modalities, in particular three-dimensional echocardiography, allow better analysis of heart structures. Identifying valve lesions and grading their severity represents crucial information and nowadays is strengthened by the introduction of new software, such as transillumination, which provide detailed morphology descriptions. Chambers quantification has never been so rapid and accurate: machine learning algorithms generate automated volume measurements, including left ventricular systolic and diastolic function, which is extremely important for clinical decisions. This review provides an overview of the latest innovations in the echocardiography field, and is helpful by providing a better insight into heart diseases.