Cost-Effective Cathode Interlayer Material for Scalable Organic Photovoltaic Cells
Yue Yu, Jianqiu Wang, Yong Cui, Zhihao Chen, Tao Zhang, Xiao Yang, Wenxuan Wang, Jingwen Wang, Xiaotao Hao, Jianhui Hou
Abstract
Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells have demonstrated remarkable success on the laboratory scale. However, the lack of cathode interlayer materials for large-scale production still limits their practical application. Here, we rationally designed and synthesized a cathode interlayer, named NDI-Ph. Benefiting from their well-modulated work function and self-doping effect, NDI-Ph-based binary OPV cells achieve an excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.1%. NDI-Ph can be easily synthesized on a 100 g scale with a low cost of 1.96 $ g –1 using low-cost raw materials and a simple postprocessing method. In addition, the insensitivity to the film thickness of NDI-Ph enables it to maintain a high PCE at various coating speeds and solution concentrations, demonstrating excellent adaptability for high-throughput OPV cell manufacturing. As a result, a module with 21.9 cm 2 active area achieves a remarkable PCE active of 15.8%, underscoring the prospects of NDI-Ph in the large-scale production of OPV cells.