Cognitive dysfunction in first-episode schizophrenia and its correlation with negative symptoms and insight
Pookala Shivaram Bhat, Jitin Raj, Kaushik Chatterjee, Kalpana Srivastava
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia is a well-known feature and can adversely affect the patient participation in treatment and rehabilitation. Studies have shown its relationship to the severity of negative symptoms and level of insight also. Not many Indian studies are available on this in first-episode schizophrenia, and hence, this study was undertaken. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight-five cases of first-episode schizophrenia fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in the study after ethical clearance, informed consent, and stabilization of acute symptoms. All were assessed using psychosocial pro forma, Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-III Scale, positive and negative syndrome scale, and schedule for the assessment of insight. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 20:0. RESULTS: Cognitive dysfunction was seen in 40% of patients. Maximum dysfunction was in the memory domain followed by fluency domain and language domain was relatively well preserved. A significant negative correlation was observed between cognitive function and negative symptoms, but a significant positive correlation was seen with insight. CONCLUSION: Cognitive dysfunction is present in a significant proportion of schizophrenia in the first episode itself. Early assessment will facilitate appropriate interventions directed at insight and cognitive rehabilitation.