Nanodiamond Supported Ultra-Small Palladium Nanoparticles as an Efficient Catalyst for Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reactions
Radka Pocklanová, Indrajeet R. Warkad, Robert Prucek, Anna Balzerová, Aleš Panáček, Ravishankar G. Kadam, Libor Kvı́tek, Manoj B. Gawande
Abstract
A nanocatalyst comprising ultra-small palladium nanoparticles supported on nanodiamonds (ultra-small Pd/rNDs) was fabricated via a reduction of palladium (II) salt on oxidized nanodiamond. The prepared catalyst was characterized using XRD, XPS, ICP-MS, AAS, and TEM/HRTEM techniques, including STEM-EDS chemical mapping, which revealed that the modified material is a combination of reduced nanodiamond decorated with palladium nanoparticles. The as-prepared and well-characterized ultra-small Pd supported on rNDs displayed superb catalytic activity for Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions at low temperature without any toxic solvents, to obtain the respective products in good-to-excellent yields (75–98%). The catalyst was easily separated from the reaction solution and was reused four times without loss of catalytic activity or chemical stability.