Recommendations for the Management of Initial and Refractory Pediatric Status Dystonicus
Lindsey M. Vogt, Kathryn Yang, Gabriel Tse, Vicente Quiroz, Zainab Zaman, Laura Wang, Rasha Srouji, Amy Tam, Elicia Estrella, Shannon Manzi, Alfonso Fasano, Weston T. Northam, Scellig Stone, Mahendranath Moharir, Hernán Gonorazky, Brian J. McAlvin, Monica E. Kleinman, Kerri L. LaRovere, Carolina Gorodetsky, Darius Ebrahimi‐Fakhari
Abstract
Status dystonicus is the most severe form of dystonia with life-threatening complications if not treated promptly. We present consensus recommendations for the initial management of acutely worsening dystonia (including pre-status dystonicus and status dystonicus), as well as refractory status dystonicus in children. This guideline provides a stepwise approach to assessment, triage, interdisciplinary treatment, and monitoring of status dystonicus. The clinical pathways aim to: (1) facilitate timely recognition/triage of worsening dystonia, (2) standardize supportive and dystonia-directed therapies, (3) provide structure for interdisciplinary cooperation, (4) integrate advances in genomics and neuromodulation, (5) enable multicenter quality improvement and research, and (6) improve outcomes. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.