Halogenation of Alkenes Using Three‐Component Reactions: A Decade of Development
Rongliang Zeng, Li Zhang, Dayun Huang
Abstract
Abstract Alkenes are valuable feedstocks in organic synthesis. One effective method for synthesizing organic halides with functional groups in close proximity involves the direct difunctionalization of alkenes via three‐component reactions. This approach not only reduces the number of steps involved in the synthesis process, but also minimizes waste generation and enables the formation of complex molecules from simple starting materials. In this review, we mainly discuss decade developments (2013‐2023) in two categories: (1) halogenation via three‐membered ring intermediates, involving haliranium, thiiranium,seleniranium, aziridinium and epoxide species; (2) halogenation via a radical pathway. Reactions with I 2 , BiI 3 , NaI, Bu 4 N + [I(O 2 CAr) 2 ] − , NIS, NBS, NCS, DBH, BsNMeBr, HBr, HCl, KI, NH 4 I, I 2 O 5 , Et 3 N ⋅ 3HF, Selectfluor, CuI, CuBr, CuCl, LiCl, KBr, NaCl, SOCl 2 , Py ⋅ 9HF, NFSI, TBSCl et al have been recorded and how the added reagents work will be discussed. We hope this review will do help for future research in this area.