Comparison of Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Biogenic Gymnema Sylvestre- and Panicum Sumatrense-Mediated Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

Abstract

Background: Studying the anti-inflammatory effect of the wound-healing property in immune responsive compounds such as interleukins and cytokinins plays a vital role in targeting various inflammatory diseases such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis, and periodontitis. The goal of the present work is to compare the anti-inflammatory activity of Gymnema sylvestre (GS)- and Panicum sumatrense (PS)-mediated titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles (NPs) by in vitro studies. Methods: G. sylvestre- and P. sumatrense -mediated TiO 2 NPs were synthesized by Greener method. The synthesized TiO 2 NPs were spectroscopically characterized such as Ultraviolet-visible, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDAX). The in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of GS-TiO 2 and PS-TiO 2 NPs were carried out by albumin denaturation assay. Results: The size of G. sylvestre -mediated TiO 2 (GS-TiO 2 ) NPs was found to be 16–22 nm and that of P. sumatrense (PS-TiO 2 )-mediated NPs was in the range of 26–32 nm. Rectangle, hexagonal, and square types of NPs were recorded in the SEM analysis of both the GS-TiO 2 and PS-TiO 2 . When comparing the X-ray powder diffraction and EDAX results of GS-TiO 2 and PS-TiO 2 , G. sylvestre -mediated TiO 2 showed less impurity and along with that, it revealed pure titanium in 50.50% and oxygen in 35.54%. Similarly, G. sylvestre -mediated TiO 2 nanoparticles exhibited 91.52% of inhibitory effect on protein denature ( in vitro anti-inflammatory activity), whereas P. sumatrense (PS-TiO 2 )-mediated NPs showed only 84.80%. Conclusion: The overall study concludes that G. sylvestre -mediated TiO 2 nanoparticle can have a scope in alternative treatment/remedy for inflammation diseases.

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