Aortic regurgitation: A multimodality approach
Agnese Siani, Francesco Perone, Pietro Costantini, Sara Rodolfi, Giuseppe Muscogiuri, Sandro Sironi, Serena Carriero, Anna Giulia Pavon, Ivo van der Bilt, Philippe J. van Rosendael, Lysette N. Broekhuizen, Arco J. Teske, Maarten J. Cramer, Marco Guglielmo
Abstract
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is a common valvular pathology. Multimodality noninvasive cardiovascular imaging is routinely used to assess the mechanism of AR, degree, and its hemodynamic impact on the cardiovascular system. Collecting this information is crucial in establishing the prognosis and in guiding patient management and follow-up. While echocardiography remains the primary test to assess AR, a comprehensive assessment of this valvulopathy can be obtained by combining the information from different techniques. This state-of-the-art review is intended to provide an update ed overview of the applications, strengths, and limits of transthoracic echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and cardiac computed tomography in patients with AR.