In Situ Imaging of Dynamic Current Paths in a Neuromorphic Nanoparticle Network with Critical Spiking Behavior
Ole Gronenberg, Blessing Adejube, Torben Hemke, Jonas Drewes, Oguz Han Asnaz, Florian Ziegler, Niko Carstens, Thomas Strunskus, Ulrich Schürmann, Jan Benedikt, Thomas Mussenbrock, Franz Faupel, Alexander Vahl, Lorenz Kienle
Abstract
Abstract In the strive for energy efficient computing, many different neuromorphic computing and engineering schemes have been introduced. Nanoparticle networks (NPNs) at the percolation threshold have been established as one of the promising candidates, e.g., for reservoir computing because among other useful properties they show self‐organization and brain‐like avalanche dynamics. The dynamic resistance changes trace back to spatio‐temporal reconfigurations in the connectivity upon resistive switching in distributed memristive nano‐junctions and nano‐gaps between neighboring nanoparticles. Until now, however, there has not yet been any direct imaging or monitoring of current paths in NPN. In this study, an NPN comprising of Ag/C x O y H z core/shell and Ag nanoparticles at the percolation threshold is reported. It is shown that this NPN is within a critical regime, exhibiting avalanche dynamics. To monitor in situ the evolving current paths in this NPN, active voltage contrast and resistive contrast imaging are used complementarily. Including simulations, the results provide experimental insight toward understanding the complex current response of the memristive NPN. As such, this study paves the way toward an experimental characterization of dynamic reorganizations in current paths inside NPN, which is highly relevant for validating and improving simulations and finally establishing a deeper understanding of switching dynamics in NPNs.