Emergence and Spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern Delta across Different Brazilian Regions
Ighor Arantes, Felipe Gomes Naveca, Tiago Gräf, COVID-19 Fiocruz Genomic Surveillance Network,, Fábio Miyajima, Helisson Faoro, Gabriel Luz Wallau, Edson Delatorre, Luciana Appolinario, Elisa Cavalcante Pereira, Tainá Moreira Martins Venas, Alice Sampaio Barreto da Rocha, Renata Serrano Lopes, Marilda Mendonça Siqueira, Gonzalo Bello, Paola Cristina Resende, Carlos Leonardo Araújo, Cleber Furtado Akesenen, Fernando Braga Stehling Dias, Igor Oliveira Duarte, Jamille Mendes Bezerra, Joaquim Cesar Sousa, Pedro Miguel Carneiro Jerônimo, Suzana Almeida Porto, Thaís de Oliveira Costa, Thais Ferreira de Oliveira, Ticiane Cavalcante de Souza, Veridiana Pessoa Miyajima, Acacia Lourenço Francisco Nasr, Ana Carolina De la Vechia, Rosana Aparecida Piler, Tatiane Motta Huggler, Cristiano Fernandes, Marcelo Ferreira da Costa Gomes, Adriano Abbud, Katia Oliveira Correa, Alexandre Freitas da Silva, Antônio Marinho da Silva Neto, Cássia Docena, Filipe Zimmer Dezordi, Gustavo Barbosa de Lima, Laís Ceschini Machado, Lílian Caroliny Amorim Silva, Marcelo Henrique Santos Paiva, Matheus Filgueira Bezerra, Raul Emídio de Lima, Andréia Akemi Suzukawa, Mauro de Medeiros Oliveira, Michelle Orane Schemberger, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Patrícia Brasil, Valdiléa G. Veloso, Felicidade Mota Pereira, Dalane Loudal Florentino Teixeira, Haline Barroso, Anderson Brandão Leite, Vinicius Lemes da Silva, André Felipe Leal Bernardes, Felipe Campos de Melo Iani, Irina Nastassja Riediger, Maria do Carmo Debur, Themis Rocha, Andreia Santos Costa, Lindomar dos Anjos Silva, Tirza Mattos, Ana Barjud Marques, Maximo Liana Perdigão Mello, Vânia Angélica Feitosa Viana, Rodrigo Ribeiro Rodrigues, Darcita Büerger Rovaris, Sandra Bianchini Fernandes, Lídio Gonçãlves Lima Neto, Valnete Andrade, Andréa Cony Cavalcanti, Richard Steiner Salvato Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini, Jucimária Dantas Galvão, Ágatha Costa, André de Lima Guerra Corado, Fernanda Nascimento, George Silva, Karina Pessoa, Luciana Fé Gonçalves, Maria Júlia Brandão, Matilde Mejía, Michele Silva de Jesus, Valdinete Alves do Nascimento, Victor Costa de Souza, Bruna Mendonça Silva, Fernando Couto Motta, Jéssica de Macedo Carvalho, Larissa Macedo Pinto, Fernando Vinhal, Isabela de Lucena Heráclio Morgana de Freitas Caraciolo, Roberta Mendes Abreu Silva, Silvio Rodrigues de Almeida, Thayna Karoline Sousa Silva, Alessandro Álvares Magalhães, Érika Lopes Rocha Batista, Greice Madeleine Ikeda do Carmo, Janaína Sallas
Abstract
Amid the SARS-CoV-2 continuously changing epidemic profile, this study details the space-time dynamics of the emergence of the Delta lineage across Brazilian territories, pointing out its multiple introductions in the country and its most prevalent sublineages. Some of these sublineages have their emergence, alongside their genomic composition and geographic distribution, detailed here for the first time. A special focus is given to the emergence process of Delta outside the country's south and southeast regions, the most populated and subjects of most published SARS-CoV-2 studies in Brazil. In summary, the study allows a better comprehension of the evolution process of a SARS-CoV-2 lineage that would be associated with a significant recrudescence of the pandemic in Brazil.