Role of microRNAs in the progression and metastasis of gastric cancer

Abstract

consumption of anti-estrogen medicines like tamoxifen might increase the incidence of a person getting GC Peritoneal metastasis (PM) occurs in around 53 to 66% of patients who has clear cut metastatic GC. CT or computed tomography scan was used most commonly as the non-invasive method to diagnose PM. Early diagnosis and detection of the GC were quite important as there would be minimal treatment required and the person could prevent unnecessary surgical treatment. However, CT detection have low sensitivity and high specificity as the clinical signs such as omental cake, parietal peritoneum thickening, and deposition of large number of ascites would appear in the later stage of cancer. Even when the patient undergoes multiple clinical tests, on an average 16.7% of peritoneal metastatic cancer are not detected. Laparoscopy should be done to patients who are potentially resectable advanced GC to detect occult PM. For the past few decades, microRNA (miRNA) has emerged in the field of cancer as biomarkers. miRNA's, a class of non-coding RNA(~22 nucleotide long) plays a very important role in the regulation of gene expression miR-34a will increase the expression of genes which are related to apoptosis, miRNA-373, miRNA-10b, miRNA-520c will encourage tumor metastasis and invasion Nearly 140 miRNA were found to be up regulated etc.); 17 miRNA were downregulated and these miRNA play an important role in GC disease diagnosis and serve as a biomarker for the early detection of GC and potential therapeutic targets

Topics & Concepts