TiFe2O4@SiO2–SO3H: A novel and effective catalyst for esterification reaction
Mohanad Saleh, Ahmed Kareem Obaid Aldulaimi, Shakir Mahmood Saeed, Ayat Hussein Adhab
Abstract
In the present study, TiFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 –SO 3 H heterogeneous catalyst was successfully synthesized and applied to generate biodiesel from oleic acid, and palmitic acid using an esterification process. In this sense, the nanocatalyst surface was characterized using TEM, TGA, XRD, FTIR, VSM, BET, SEM, and EDX analyses. Nanocatalyst TiFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 –SO 3 H showed high activity for the esterification of oleic acid and palmitic acid. Also, the nanocatalyst can be easily recovered with a bar magnet and reused many times without any loss of activity.
Topics & Concepts
Oleic acidCatalysisPalmitic acidBiodieselFourier transform infrared spectroscopyBET theoryNuclear chemistryChemistrySolid acidMaterials scienceChemical engineeringOrganic chemistryFatty acidBiochemistryEngineeringBiodiesel Production and ApplicationsCatalysis and Hydrodesulfurization StudiesEnzyme Catalysis and Immobilization