A review of the current status and development of 5GDHC and characterization of a novel shared energy system
Jonas Lindhe, Saqib Javed, Dennis Johansson, Hans Bagge
Abstract
This review presents the status and outlook for shared energy systems (SES) and fifth-generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC). It provides an overview of the technical and functional knowledge encompassing design and development, operational and system architecture, and control and decision support systems of these technologies. The review also presents different tools and models found in the literature for design, simulation, feasibility, high-level control, and business transactions of SES and 5GDHC. It complements existing reviews with updated knowledge and presents new 5GDHC facilities and fresh perspectives. Moreover, it incorporates legal and social barriers that risk being forgotten. The review identifies existing research gaps and challenges that need to be addressed in the further development of SES and 5GDHC. Finally, the article presents and characterizes a new energy solution built in Lund, Sweden. The characterization is performed in line with the definitions of 5GDHC and SES.