iWink: Exploring Eyelid Gestures on Mobile Devices
Zhen Li, Mingming Fan, Ying Han, Khai N. Truong
Abstract
Although gaze has been widely studied for mobile interactions, eyelid-based gestures are relatively understudied and limited to few basic gestures (e.g., blink). In this work, we propose a gesture grammar to construct both basic and compound eyelid gestures. We present an algorithm to detect nine eyelid gestures in real-time on mobile devices and evaluate its performance with 12 participants. Results show that our algorithm is able to recognize nine eyelid gestures with 83% and 78% average accuracy using user-dependent and user-independent models respectively. Further, we design a gesture mapping scheme to allow for navigating between and within mobile apps only using eyelid gestures. Moreover, we show how eyelid gestures can be used to enable cross-application and sensitive interactions. Finally, we highlight future research directions.