Screening for Hypertension in Adults
US Preventive Services Task Force, Alex H. Krist, Karina W. Davidson, Carol M. Mangione, Michael D. Cabana, Aaron B. Caughey, Esa M. Davis, Katrina E Donahue, Chyke A. Doubeni, Martha Kubik, Li Li, Gbenga Ogedegbe, Lori Pbert, Michael J. Silverstein, James Stevermer, Chien‐Wen Tseng, John B. Wong
Abstract
Importance: Hypertension is a prevalent condition that affects approximately 45% of the adult US population and is the most commonly diagnosed condition at outpatient office visits. Hypertension is a major contributing risk factor for heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. Objective: To reaffirm its 2015 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for hypertension in adults, the accuracy of office blood pressure measurement for initial screening, and the accuracy of various confirmatory blood pressure measurement methods. Population: Adults 18 years or older without known hypertension. Evidence Assessment: Using a reaffirmation deliberation process, the USPSTF concludes with high certainty that screening for hypertension in adults has substantial net benefit. Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening for hypertension in adults 18 years or older with office blood pressure measurement. The USPSTF recommends obtaining blood pressure measurements outside of the clinical setting for diagnostic confirmation before starting treatment. (A recommendation).