Functional Differentiation of the Succinate Dehydrogenase Subunit SdhC Governs the Sensitivity to SDHI Fungicides, ROS Homeostasis, and Pathogenicity in <i>Fusarium asiaticum</i>
Wenchan Chen, Xiujuan Li, Lingling Wei, Bin Chen, Chenyang Han, Yabing Duan, Changjun Chen
Abstract
Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is an integral component of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and respiratory electron transport chain (ETC), targeted by succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs). Fusarium asiaticum is a prominent phytopathogen causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat. Here, we characterized the functions of the FaSdhA, FaSdhB, FaSdhC 1, FaSdhC 2, and FaSdhD subunits. Deletion of FaSdhA, FaSdhB, or FaSdhD resulted in significant growth defects in F. asiaticum . The FaSdhC 1 or FaSdhC 2 deletion mutants exhibited substantial reductions in fungal growth, conidiation, virulence, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The FaSdhC 1 expression was significantly induced by pydiflumetofen (PYD). The Δ FaSdhC 1 mutant displayed hypersensitivity to SDHIs, whereas the Δ FaSdhC 2 mutant exhibited resistance against most SDHIs. The transmembrane domains of FaSdhC 1 are essential for regulating mycelial growth, virulence, and sensitivity to SDHIs. These findings provided valuable insights into how the two SdhC paralogues regulated the functional integrity of SDH, ROS homeostasis, and the sensitivity to SDHIs in phytopathogenic fungi.