INFORM: INFrared-based ORganizational Measurements of tumor and its microenvironment to predict patient survival
Saumya Tiwari, Andre Kajdacsy‐Balla, Joshua Whiteley, Georgina Cheng, Karin Jirström, Helgi Birgisson, Stephen M. Hewitt, Rohit Bhargava
Abstract
The structure and organization of a tumor and its microenvironment are often associated with cancer outcomes due to spatially varying molecular composition and signaling. A persistent challenge is to use this physical and chemical spatial organization to understand cancer progression. Here, we present a high-definition infrared imaging-based organizational measurement framework (INFORM) that leverages intrinsic chemical contrast of tissue to label unique components of the tumor and its microenvironment. Using objective and automated computational methods, further, we determine organization characteristics important for prediction. We show that the tumor spatial organization assessed with this framework is predictive of overall survival in colon cancer that adds to capability from clinical variables such as stage and grade, approximately doubling the risk of death in high-risk individuals. Our results open an all-digital avenue for measuring and studying the association between tumor spatial organization and disease progression.