Photochemical intermolecular dearomative cycloaddition of bicyclic azaarenes with alkenes
Jiajia Ma, Shuming Chen, Peter Bellotti, Renyu Guo, Felix Schäfer, Arne Heusler, Xiaolong Zhang, Constantin G. Daniliuc, M. Kevin Brown, K. N. Houk, Frank Glorius
Abstract
Dearomative cycloaddition reactions represent an ideal means of converting flat arenes into three-dimensional architectures of increasing interest in medicinal chemistry. Quinolines, isoquinolines, and quinazolines, despite containing latent diene and alkene subunits, are scarcely applied in cycloaddition reactions because of the inherent low reactivity of aromatic systems and selectivity challenges. Here, we disclose an energy transfer-mediated, highly regio- and diastereoselective intermolecular [4 + 2] dearomative cycloaddition reaction of these bicyclic azaarenes with a plethora of electronically diverse alkenes. This approach bypasses the general reactivity and selectivity issues, thereby providing various bridged polycycles that previously have been inaccessible or required elaborate synthetic efforts. Computational studies with density functional theory elucidate the mechanism and origins of the observed regio- and diastereoselectivities.