A review on synthesis and characterization of composites reinforced with nanoparticles, glass fiber, and jute fiber for aerospace applications

Abstract

The development of lightweight and high-strength composite materials has become a focal point in aerospace engineering due to the industry's demand for improved fuel efficiency and better performance. This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of hybrid composites reinforced with nanoparticles, glass fiber, and jute fiber for aerospace applications. The novelty lies in the synergistic combination of these reinforcements to achieve an optimal balance of mechanical strength, thermal stability, and eco-friendliness. Earlier studies have often focused on either synthetic or natural fibers or a combination of the two; but less on their hybridization with nanomaterials. When nanoparticles are added, the composites are fabricated using a hand lay-up method combined with vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) to ensure uniform dispersion and enhanced bonding between the matrix and reinforcements. Nanoparticles, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and silica, are incorporated to improve mechanical properties, while glass fiber provides high tensile strength and jute fiber introduces sustainability and cost-effectiveness. Characterization techniques, including tensile, flexural, and impact testing, along with thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), are employed to evaluate the properties of the composites. Key findings include a significant improvement in tensile strength (up to 30 %), thermal resistance (by 20 %), and reduced weight compared to those of traditional composites. These composites are particularly suited for applications in aerospace structures such as panels, radomes, and interior components, where lightness, durability, and thermal stability are critical. This research paves the way for next-generation hybrid composites that combine advanced functionality with environmental responsibility.

Topics & Concepts