Challenges and advances in the medical treatment of granulomatous amebic encephalitis
Natasha Spottiswoode, Julia C. Haston, Natasha W. Hanners, Katherine Gruenberg, Annie Kim, Joseph L. DeRisi, Michael R. Wilson
Abstract
species, is a rare and deadly infectious syndrome with a current mortality rate of >90%. Much work remains to define the optimal treatment for these infections. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the supporting evidence behind antimicrobials currently recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with updated statistics on survival rates and medication usage from the CDC Free-Living Ameba Database. We also discuss promising treatments, especially the emerging therapeutic agent nitroxoline, and provide recommendations for the next steps in this area.
Topics & Concepts
AcanthamoebaMedicineEncephalitisMortality rateIntensive care medicineVirologyBiologyMicrobiologyInternal medicineVirusLegionella and Acanthamoeba researchNeutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative MechanismsHeme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide