Congenital Hypothyroidism and the Deleterious Effects on Auditory Function and Language Skills: A Narrative Review
Caio Leônidas Oliveira de Andrade, Crésio Alves, Helton Estrela Ramos
Abstract
Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is an endocrine disease commonly found in newborns and is related to the absence or reduction of thyroid hormones (THs), which are essential for development since intrauterine life. Children with CH can develop hearing problems as THs are crucial for the auditory pathway's development and maturation. Sensory deprivations, especially in hearing disorders at early ages of development, can impair language skills, literacy, and behavioral, cognitive, social, and psychosocial development. In this review we describe clinical and molecular aspects linking CH and hearing loss.
Topics & Concepts
PsychosocialLanguage developmentEndocrine systemCongenital hypothyroidismHearing lossDevelopmental psychologyMedicineCognitionThyroid functionAudiologyPsychologyHormoneThyroidNeuroscienceEndocrinologyPsychiatryHearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, GeneticsNeuroscience of respiration and sleepThyroid Disorders and Treatments