What is holding back the development of antiviral metallodrugs? A literature overview and implications for SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics and future viral outbreaks
Raphael Enoque Ferraz de Paiva, Antônio Marçal Neto, Igor Andrade Santos, Ana Carolina Gomes Jardim, Pedro P. Corbi, Fernando R.G. Bergamini
Abstract
In light of the Covid-19 outbreak, this review brings together historical and current literature efforts towards the development of antiviral metallodrugs. Classical compounds such as CTC-96 and auranofin are discussed in depth, as pillars for future metallodrug development. From the recent literature, both cell-based results and biophysical assays against potential viral biomolecule targets are summarized here. The comprehension of the biomolecular targets and their interactions with coordination compounds are emphasized as fundamental strategies that will foment further development of metal-based antivirals. We also discuss other possible and unexplored methods for unveiling metallodrug interactions with biomolecules related to viral replication and highlight the specific challenges involved in the development of antiviral metallodrugs.