Integration of multi-omics data accelerates molecular analysis of common wheat traits
Ning Zhang, Li Tang, Songgang Li, Lu Liu, Mengjuan Gao, Sisheng Wang, Daiying Chen, Yichao Zhao, Ruiqing Zheng, Armin Soleymaniniya, Lingran Zhang, Wenkang Wang, Xia V. Yang, Yan Ren, Congwei Sun, Mathias Wilhelm, Daowen Wang, Min Li, Feng Chen
Abstract
Integration of multi-omics data can provide information on biomolecules from different layers to illustrate the complex biology systematically. Here, we build a multi-omics atlas containing 132,570 transcripts, 44,473 proteins, 19,970 phosphoproteins, and 12,427 acetylproteins across wheat vegetative and reproductive phases. Using this atlas, we elucidate transcriptional regulation network, contributions of post-translational modification (PTM) and transcript level to protein abundance, and biased homoeolog expression and PTM in wheat. The genes/proteins related to wheat development and disease resistance are systematically analyzed, thus identifying phosphorylation and/or acetylation modifications for the seed proteins controlling wheat grain quality and the disease resistance-related genes. Lastly, a unique protein module TaHDA9-TaP5CS1, specifying de-acetylation of TaP5CS1 by TaHDA9, is discovered, which regulates wheat resistance to Fusarium crown rot via increasing proline content. Our atlas holds great promise for fast-tracking molecular biology and breeding studies in wheat and related crops. Limited high quality multi-omics resources are available for plants with complex genomes. Here, authors generate transcriptome, proteome, phosphoproteome, and acetylproteome data sets across wheat developmental stages and reveal de-acetylation of TaP5CS1 by TaHDA9 regulates Fusarium crown rot resistance.