Human papillomavirus prevalence in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in South America
Antônio Carlos de Oliveira, Israel Carlos Cavalcanti De Lima, Vitor Marcelo Frez Marques, Wudson Henrique Alves De Araújo, Chrystiano de Campos Ferreira
Abstract
Background: Some studies have addressed the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in head and neck cancer in South America; however, no studies have systematically gathered prevalence and conducted a meta-analysis. Aim: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of HPV in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas in South America. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis using the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science. Data were extracted and analyzed using random-effects models to estimate the pooled prevalence of HPV. Results: We identified 209 nonduplicated studies, of which 38 were selected. The overall prevalence of HPV was 24.31% (95% CI 16.87–32.64; I2 = 96%, pheterogeneity <0.001). HPV prevalence in oropharyngeal cancer was 17.9% (95% CI 7.6–31.4; I2 = 96%, pheterogeneity <0.001) and that in oral cavity cancer was 23.19% (95% CI 14.94–32.63; I2 = 94%, pheterogeneity <0.001). Conclusions: We found an overall prevalence of HPV in 24.31% of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas in South American patients. The prevalence of HPV was 17.9% for oropharyngeal cancer and 23.19% for oral cavity cancer.