Mixed ionic-electronic conduction in Ruddlesden–Popper and Dion–Jacobson layered hybrid perovskites with aromatic organic spacers
Algirdas Dučinskas, Mina Jung, Ya‐Ru Wang, Jovana V. Milić, Davide Moia, Michaël Grätzel, Joachim Maier
Abstract
compositions, forming representative Dion-Jacobson (DJ) and Ruddleson-Popper (RP) phases, respectively. Electrochemical measurements of charge transport parallel to the layered structure reveal mixed ionic-electronic conduction with electronic transport mediated by electron holes in both DJ and RP phases. In comparison to the 3D perovskites, larger activation energies for both ionic and electronic conductivities are observed which result in lower absolute values. While the layered perovskites still allow for a relatively efficient exchange of iodine with the gas phase, the lower change of conductivity on the variation of the iodine partial pressure compared with 3D perovskites is consistent with the exchange affecting only a fraction of the film, with implications for the encapsulating efficacy of these materials. We complement the analysis with a demonstration of the superior thermal stability of DJ structures compared to their RP counterparts. This can guide future explorations of dimensionality and composition to control the transport and stabilization properties of 2D perovskite films.